Thanks Roger as always for your additional information and the reminder that there is no importer for direct-to-end-user importation. My reply is based on Michele's question and International Logistics Manager based in Switzerland where products appear to be first imported to the Switzerland site. When, for Michele's context, I made the foregoing statement, "...there is always an Importer whenever the Manufacturer is established outside the Union...", I should have reiterated that such an ultimatum was only applicable to Michele's apparent scenario involving a Switzerland Importer site rather than to all scenarios. I should have also emphasized that if the Switzerland site is instead just a true fulfilment service provider (see my further discussion below), then that site would not be an Importer.
In my prior post, I mentioned that the Market Surveillance Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 allows its economic operator market surveillance obligations to be met by either the Manufacturer, or the Importer (when the Manufacturer is not established in the Union), or a designated/mandated Authorised Representative (if any there may be), or a fulfilment service provider in certain cases.
To expand a bit, the Market Surveillance Regulation permits a fulfilment service provider (see that Regulation's definition in its Article 3) such as a logistics site in Switzerland to take on the responsibility for the Market Surveillance Regulation's prime directive [i.e., its Article 4(3)] in cases where there is no Manufacturer established in the Union, no Importer, and no AR. Thus, I suspect, the motive for the question about liability from Michele's International Logistics Manager.
We can get still further insight about the Market Surveillance Regulation's flexibility regarding who can take on the roles of its Article 4(3); specifically, in the Blue Guide where it reminds us that having an AR is generally optional. It literally states that a manufacturer established outside the European Union is not obliged to have an authorised representative. The Blue Guide emphasizes that legislative mandates requiring an AR are generally the exception (such as with the medical device regulation 2017/745) rather than the rule.
Accordingly, my understanding is that the fundamental requirement for having an AR is not governed by the simple lack of an Importer. Instead, an AR becomes mandatory only if the specific applicable legislation demands it (such as in the case of the medical device regulation 2017/745). In contrast to such exceptions, the aforesaid EMC Directive as well as the ROHS Directive 2011/65/EU and the Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU all seem to contain only the option for an AR, not a legislative mandate. For example, the ROHS Directive states that, "…Member States shall ensure that manufacturers have the possibility to appoint an authorized representative…" The others state that the manufacturer "may" have an AR. I do however agree that whatever are the applicable legislations, it is crucial to check each one to look for the rare exceptions that require an AR.
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Kevin Randall, ASQ CQA, RAC (Europe, U.S., Canada)
Principal Consultant
Ridgway, CO
United States
© Copyright 2022 by ComplianceAcuity, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Original Message:
Sent: 15-Feb-2022 06:35
From: Roger Gray
Subject: Required Label for Importation into EU
Thanks for the concise answer, Kevin. I would add only a couple of points:
If your product needs to meet the EMC Directive, then most likely it will also need to meet the Low Voltage Directive (LVD) and the RoHS 2/RoHS 3 Directives (and maybe others). Non-EU manufacturers will need to check the wording of these directives to determine whether the designation of an Authorised Representative (AR) is mandatory or voluntary.
If an AR is designated, according to Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, non-EU manufacturers are able to send products directly to EU end users without the need for an importer to be identified. However, if designation of an AR is voluntary, and the manufacturer still plans to send products directly to EU end users, i.e., so there is no importer, then the manufacturer will need to designate an AR, so that there is a contact point in the EU, as required by (EU) 2019/1020.
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Roger Gray
VP Quality and Regulatory
Donawa Lifescience Ltd
UK Responsible Person services
Christchurch, UK
+44 1425 489208
rgray@donawa.com
www.donawa.com
Original Message:
Sent: 14-Feb-2022 15:55
From: Kevin Randall, RAC, ASQ CQA
Subject: Required Label for Importation into EU
Tricky questions that may require more organic discussions than what is addressed in the general principles given below.
For a product that is not a medical device yet still is subject to the EMC Directive (2014/30/EU), it is important to remember that the EMC Directive does not mandate the use of an Authorised Representative. This remains true even if the Manufacturer (i.e., the operator under whose labeled name the product is being marketed) is established outside the Union. But there is always an Importer whenever the Manufacturer is established outside the Union.
Also noteworthy is that Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 (the "Market Surveillance regulation") does not change the aforesaid optional Authorised Representative provision of the EMC Directive. Indeed, the Market Surveillance regulation allows its economic operator market surveillance obligations to be met by either the Manufacturer, or the Importer (when the Manufacturer is not established in the Union), or a designated/mandated Authorised Representative (if any there may be), or even a fulfilment service provider in certain cases.
Europe's product traceability requirements demand that the product or its accompanying information indicate at least a) a single point of contact for the Manufacturer; and b) if there is an Importer, then the Importer's identification and contact information in addition to the Manufacturer's.
The aforesaid Manufacturer single point of contact may either be where the Manufacturer itself is established or instead it can be the Manufacturer's designated Authorised Representative (if any there may be). Note that Europe's general rule is that only one single contact point for the Manufacturer is allowed on each product. Nonetheless, the manufacturer can still include other addresses (such as that of the Authorised Representative) so long as it's clear which one is designated as the Manufacturer's single point of contact, and so long as the multiple addresses don't mislead the end-user and competent authorities about the place of manufacture.
Clarifiers like "manufactured by", "imported by", "represented by" (or their respective harmonized symbols) and "single contact point" can be used on the product or accompanying information to assure that the foregoing operator roles are made clear.
Hope this helps.
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Kevin Randall, ASQ CQA, RAC (Europe, U.S., Canada)
Principal Consultant
Ridgway, CO
United States
© Copyright 2022 by ComplianceAcuity, Inc. All rights reserved.
Original Message:
Sent: 14-Feb-2022 12:17
From: Michele Kurus
Subject: Required Label for Importation into EU
I am told the EU Legislation is Regulation (EU) 2019/1020.
I was also pointed to this link for additional information.
https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/eu-labelingmarking-requirements
Still trying to get a better understanding before we start revising our labeling.
Our product is CE mark in accordance to the EMC directive.
Would it be acceptable if we just added the EU address of our EU company WITHOUT the EU/REP symbol to avoid confusion?
This way the outer package is compliant with the EU address?
Just wondering if anyone else has experience with this.
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Michele Kurus
Quality & Regulatory
Hewitt NJ
United States
Original Message:
Sent: 11-Feb-2022 12:05
From: Dan O'Leary
Subject: Required Label for Importation into EU
What is the legislation to which you refer?
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Dan O'Leary CQA, CQE
Swanzey NH
United States
Original Message:
Sent: 11-Feb-2022 11:42
From: Michele Kurus
Subject: Required Label for Importation into EU
Good day. I am seeking clarification on labeling requirements for goods imported in the EU.
Our International Logistics Mgr. (based in Switzerland) learned in 2021 the EU changed its legislation, therefore, if a US company (manufacturer & distributor) wants to import goods into the EU and sell these to his/her EU-customers the company needs to have an EU address.
This new legislation also has our logistics manager under the impression, the "liability" of these goods now falls on the new EU company. This makes sense....but........
We did establish an EU company with an EU address, however, the question regarding labeling has us confused.
The goods we are importing are not classified as medical devices according to the EU MDR.
Therefore our current labeling (device and packaging) and IFUs do not have an appointed EU Authorized Rep.
- Does this new legislation's liability requirements require ALL EU companies (regardless what they sell) to label their goods with an EU REP?
- If the EU REP information is applied to the labeling (package and IFU) does this labeling cause confusion to the end user with respect to the regulatory assessment of the devices sold?
- If the current labeling identifies the manufacturers (US and/or other than EU) is this sufficient for the end user to report adverse events to the accountable party?
- Are there different roles/responsibilities for EU Reps if the devices are not regulated by the EU MDR? Do we have to differentiate? IS there a way to differentiate this?
Are we interpreting this new legislature correctly?
Do we have to update our labeling (packaging and IFU) to include an EU REP?
Are there other acceptable methods to assign liability to the EU company without having to revise our labeling?
Appreciate any insight.
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Michele Kurus
Quality & Regulatory
Hewitt NJ
United States
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