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CEO as PRRC (art. 15 MDR)

  • 1.  CEO as PRRC (art. 15 MDR)

    This message was posted by a user wishing to remain anonymous
    Posted 17-Feb-2021 09:26
    This message was posted by a user wishing to remain anonymous

    Dear all,

    our CEO (Managing Partner, one of the companies owners) wishes to become our PRRC acc.to art. 15 MDR. To be honest, I am not comfortable with this. I think that we might get into trouble proving the PRRCs independance. That a PRRC/CEO always thinks about regulatory compliance first and that factors like selling products does not influence the decisions made.
    The MDR only states that the PRRC shall suffer no disadvantages within the organization in relation to proper fulfillment of the duties as PRRC.

    What do you think?

    Thank you for your help!


  • 2.  RE: CEO as PRRC (art. 15 MDR)

    Posted 17-Feb-2021 12:27
    Edited by Kevin Randall 17-Feb-2021 12:27

    It may be difficult to successfully assert that a CEO isn't allowed to be the EU MDR PRRC.  Such an assertion would need to be carefully approached and, in many cases, may be impossible to sustain.  Let me explain.

    Beginning nearly thirty years ago with ISO 9001:1994 / EN ISO 9001:1994 and EN 46001:1996 (perhaps even earlier), quality management system (QMS) standards began placing ultimate accountability and responsibility for compliance squarely on the shoulders of management with executive responsibility (a.k.a., top management, e.g., a CEO).  That new level of management responsibility came about to guard against top management being more committed to sales and growth than to compliance.  The shifting of ultimate responsibility for compliance to top management was aimed at intrinsically helping alleviate company bias against quality / regulatory.

    This remained the case when ISO 9001 and EN 46001 led to ISO 13485.  With ISO 13485:2016 came increased emphasis and management responsibility for compliance with applicable regulatory requirements (such as compliance with the EU MDR).  Moreover, the EU MDR's own quality management system clause [Article 10(9)] also includes a provision alluding to such management responsibility.

    Accordingly, if an organization chooses ISO 13485:2016 (or even if it applies a different QMS paradigm) as its means for conforming with the EU MDR's QMS and management responsibility requirements, then I think it's important to remember that neither EU MDR Article 10(9), nor ISO 13485:2016 clause 5, nor EU MDR Article 15 (by my interpretation) prohibit a CEO from being the PRRC.  This of course comes with the prerequisite that the CEO must possess the medical device regulatory/quality qualifications prescribed by Article 15.

    Because ISO 13485:2016 systematically and specifically prohibits, and ultimately prevents, top management from practicing bias against regulatory compliance, I don't think an argument of bias can be easily sustained against a CEO as EU MDR PRRC.



    ------------------------------
    Kevin Randall, ASQ CQA, RAC (Europe, U.S., Canada)
    Principal Consultant
    Ridgway, CO
    United States
    © Copyright 2021 by ComplianceAcuity, Inc. All rights reserved.
    ------------------------------



  • 3.  RE: CEO as PRRC (art. 15 MDR)

    Posted 18-Feb-2021 06:15
    Hello Anon,

    I would like to first comment your interpretation of 'suffer no disadvantage' does not have anything to do with being independent.  Over the years there are implications of individuals in the role of Quality, Regulatory, final product release, Management Representative, and now Person Responsible for Regulatory Compliance (PRRC) should be an independent function.  This comes out of Good Manufacturing Practices originating in the pharmaceutical industry.  In fact, I have seen so many observations over the years the Quality Assurance Manager is not independent because they report up through Operations and not directly to the CEO/President.  Which is not necessarily true; this is a false assumption of not complying with regulations.  In fact, the only independent function identified in standards and regulations is internal auditing which has also been reworded over the years to allow more flexibility of independence, i.e. removing bias by not auditing process directly responsible.  The term 'suffer no disadvantage' means more the PRRC can be a "whistle blower" or responsible for not releasing product without fear of reprisal such as being terminated.

    I agree with Kevin assuming a CEO/President can not be the PRRC from bias or have an independent approach in regard to continued compliance of a company may not be a valid argument.  His description of background information is quite correct as evolved over the years - in fact management should have a much more active and responsible role in the quality system and product compliance.  That is why there is no such thing as a Management Representative in ISO 9001:2015.  It is everyone's responsibility and needs to be supported, driven, cheerleading, managing, or actual doing (PDCA) by members of the executive management.  I would maybe more argue or question if your CEO has the relevant experience and qualification to be the PRRC.  The real issue I think you will face is your CEO will be sitting square in the "crosshairs" of a Notified Body auditor and they need to be prepared for that because this role of PRRC is very significant in the context of the EU MDR/EU IVDR compliance.

    ------------------------------
    Richard Vincins RAC
    Vice President Global Regulatory Affairs
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  • 4.  RE: CEO as PRRC (art. 15 MDR)

    Posted 18-Feb-2021 07:03
    Dear Kevin and Richard,

    Thank you for your answers. They have been VERY helpful! (Altough I had to look up some of Kevin's more fancy words ;-))




    ------------------------------
    Britta Cyron
    Bochum
    Germany
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  • 5.  RE: CEO as PRRC (art. 15 MDR)

    Posted 18-Feb-2021 11:33
    Since I'm not the sharpest knife in the drawer, I have to compensate by using fancy words...  :)

    ------------------------------
    Kevin Randall, ASQ CQA, RAC (Europe, U.S., Canada)
    Principal Consultant
    Ridgway, CO
    United States
    © Copyright 2021 by ComplianceAcuity, Inc. All rights reserved.
    ------------------------------



  • 6.  RE: CEO as PRRC (art. 15 MDR)

    Posted 19-Feb-2021 01:58
    Now you sell yourself way under value! Or are you just fishing for compliments ;-)?
    Jokes aside, I very much aprechiate your insights and comments which you share with us here in RegEx. But I am non native English speaker so I have sometimes broaden my vocabulary with looking up some of the less commonly used words in your postings.

    Thank you for this :-)

    ------------------------------
    Britta Cyron
    Bochum
    Germany
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  • 7.  RE: CEO as PRRC (art. 15 MDR)

    Posted 19-Feb-2021 10:26
    Thanks Britta for your positive feedback.  I can assure you that your English is exceedingly superior to my Deutsch!

    Mit freundlichen grüßen.

    ------------------------------
    Kevin Randall, ASQ CQA, RAC (Europe, U.S., Canada)
    Principal Consultant
    Ridgway, CO
    United States
    © Copyright 2021 by ComplianceAcuity, Inc. All rights reserved.
    ------------------------------



  • 8.  RE: CEO as PRRC (art. 15 MDR)

    Posted 18-Feb-2021 11:23
    Agreed wholeheartedly with Richard's great explanation of the interpretation of "suffer no disadvantage".

    ------------------------------
    Kevin Randall, ASQ CQA, RAC (Europe, U.S., Canada)
    Principal Consultant
    Ridgway, CO
    United States
    © Copyright 2021 by ComplianceAcuity, Inc. All rights reserved.
    ------------------------------



  • 9.  RE: CEO as PRRC (art. 15 MDR)

    Posted 19-Feb-2021 09:15
    "Suffer no disadvantage"...

    Hmmm, consider a PRRC whose compensation structure is augmented with Stock options or bonus programs based on EBIT (like the CEO in your example).

    If an individual is faced with a remediation decision (i.e. recall) that would negatively impact their personal compensation, would that circumstance fall into the category of "disadvantage"?  And could that individual be free from personal bias?

    In my past, I have worked in organizations where my compensation structure was based over 30% on EBIT, and significant value in discounted stock options.  To make a negative (for the earnings of the organization) regulatory decision could theoretically have cost me 40+% of my personal compensation.  While I believe I am a principled QA/RA decision-maker that would never compromise safety and effectiveness, can I completely say that my decisions are NOT biased by trying to maintain that 40+% of my compensation?

    This is an area where NB audit precedent and guidance from the NB's is critical for our industry to create the required org structures to encompass this new set of responsibilities of the PRRC.

    ------------------------------
    Michael Chellson
    RAC
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  • 10.  RE: CEO as PRRC (art. 15 MDR)

    Posted 19-Feb-2021 10:07
    Edited by Kevin Randall 19-Feb-2021 10:29
    "Suffer no disadvantage" is meant to protect the PRRC against things like discrimination, punishment, termination, penalization, etc., that may be leveled at the PRRC for pursuing quality/regulatory before profits.  I don't believe it is meant to protect the PRRC's financial or other personal interests.

    To comment further on suspicion of a CEO's profit-based bias:  As a result of the aforementioned management responsibility clauses, CEOs are already being routinely interviewed during audits to test their executive fluency and commitment to quality and regulatory.  As alluded to in my prior post, the management responsibility clauses of ISO 13485 effectively prohibit, and ultimately prevent, top management from practicing bias against regulatory compliance.  Ultimately, the ISO 13485 certificate and/or EC certificates can and will be suspended if top management doesn't practice proper commitment to quality and regulatory.  Those certificates have a direct correlation to the organization's bottom line.  My experience is that the overwhelming majority of today's CEOs understand this (if they don't, then that's the fault of the organization's quality/regulatory chief), and that the CEOs are faithfully integrating their management responsibilities into their traditional profit-based approach.

    If a Notified Body (NB) issues a nonconformity to an organization where there is in fact objective evidence of top management's failure to practice the required management responsibility, then that would be valid.  But if a NB formally objects, or issues a nonconformity, against an organization before such objective evidence exists, or if the NB resists a CEO as PRRC simply because the NB is suspicious about the CEO's financial interests, then that would be fundamentally contrary to the intent of ISO 13485, as well as the parameters of proper due process.

    ------------------------------
    Kevin Randall, ASQ CQA, RAC (Europe, U.S., Canada)
    Principal Consultant
    Ridgway, CO
    United States
    © Copyright 2021 by ComplianceAcuity, Inc. All rights reserved.
    ------------------------------



  • 11.  RE: CEO as PRRC (art. 15 MDR)

    This message was posted by a user wishing to remain anonymous
    Posted 22-Feb-2021 17:09
    This message was posted by a user wishing to remain anonymous

    I would like to comment on that.
    PRRC has a lot of responsibilities, this person will be also registered in the EU database.
    I feel that our CEO for example is not that committed to Quality and Compliance as he should. therefore no one in the company wants to take this role when advising the CEO about compliance is being ignored. 
    In our case this is the motivation to register the CEO as PRRC. so he will be the one , at the end of the date responsible for the compliance (or more accurate non-compliance).