A great set of replies, and I'm in agreement with Richard that Ella's analogy is great.
I would definitely recommend including all use errors within the risk management file, along with discussion on what kind of use error they may be (reasonably foreseeable misuse [i always preferred 'use' here but nevermind] and what controls are in place.
Ella - I would suggest considering what is state of the art in terms of control measures for your device and whether there is any PMS data showing similar use errors for competitor products. It may be just an over-eager reviewer asking for something that isn't reasonable.
Another angle to this conversation, is feedback on use errors and off-label use from the PMS data. i.e. what do you do with a complaint that indicates or highlights off-label use. How do you track it to allow measurement of frequency? How do you reply to the complainant/user to respond to the complainant whilst also not condoning the off-label use. In my past life, my colleagues and i were faced with so many vigilance report responses from manufacturers that cited 'misuse' or 'off-label use' because it was the easy way to address the incident. If that conclusion was not backed up by evidence of appropriate risk analysis, evaluation and control measures then it was not deemed acceptable. The users of the devices in question rarely agreed with the conclusion of it being misuse, which comes back to my dislike of 'misuse' because in many cases the manufacturer hasn't intended you to use the device in that way, but that is mainly because the breadth of users and use environments have not been considered and thus they have not thought about 'what does the user do if item x is not available at hand?' or 'will they have access to this kind of lighting to perform the task' etc. E.g. spreading the legs of a patient hoist under the bed (from which the patient is to be lifted) due to the restricted room in the non-clinical setting....the user cannot see that the legs are not fully spread and the device (although they should all now do this) was still able to life whilst not having the optimal stability base.
If clinicians or healthcare practitioners approach a manufacturer about planning to use a device off label, what is the manufacturer's policy? In the EU and UK, that would likely constitute a clinical investigation for expanding the intended use of a CE marked device. I have seen less sensible approaches by manufacturers when faced with such requests; which end up going badly.
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Edward Ball
Manager, Intelligence & Innovation
United Kingdom
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Original Message:
Sent: 04-Nov-2022 18:41
From: Dan O'Leary
Subject: Reasonably foreseeable misuse and Off-label use
ISO 14971:2019 asks the manufacturer to consider reasonably foreseeable misuse.
I'm always nervous about considering reasonably foreseeable misuse might be, in fact, condoning off-label use. Some regulatory jurisdictions have rules, regulations, and requirements in this area.
I have not kept up with the current state of regulatory thinking in this area.
What is the current thinking for a manufacturer's obligations when
a) condoning off-label use
b) learning of unexpected off-label use (perhaps from a complaint)
How does reasonably foreseeably misuse fit into regulatory thinking?
To limit the scope, for, what I anticipate is complicated issue, consider the MDSAP countries and, perhaps, the EU.
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Dan O'Leary CQA, CQE
Swanzey NH
United States
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