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Risk Management

  • 1.  Risk Management

    Posted 22-Feb-2023 09:00

    Hello!

    I am in the process of gathering information on what people feel is their biggest risk challenge. 

    Example: I am a RA of a small medical device company and we don't have a computer system we do everything manually, which takes too much time and there are lots of errors because of opinions.

    I work as a quality supplier and we incorporate risk to our tier 1 suppliers but the results do not trigger anything else. 

    Thank you for taking a second to answer.  The only thing I am looking for is the pulse of our community. 



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    Zillery Fortner
    Product Advisor QA/RA Life Science
    United States
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  • 2.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 24-Feb-2023 01:22

    One example I would point out is the tendency to equate producing FMEA(s) with performing risk management.  Admittedly, such a tool can provide valuable input into the risk management process, but relying solely on this method makes consideration of risk outside of single-fault conditions difficult.  Likewise, proper risk analysis and evaluation will likely suffer without additional methods.  Unfortunately, some articles, practitioners and even auditors do not recognize this which allows the practice to continue. 



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    Christopher Erwin
    Scottsdale AZ
    United States
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  • 3.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 07-Mar-2023 09:37

    That is a great point!  It does seem like when I mention risk people automatically think of FMEA.  It was the same way with the root cause and five whys.  Education, education :)



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    Zillery Fortner
    Product Advisor QA/RA Life Science
    Florence KY
    United States
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  • 4.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 24-Feb-2023 09:21

    In addition to Christopher's comment, another common pitfall for small MD company is to really think the risk management process as a continuous loop, the post market collected information need to feedback into risk management. 

    It is good to know that your tier 1 suppliers are doing well. It can be a potential risk for many companies. We were suggested to have two suppliers for the critical components in case of supply disruption/shortage. Another commonly seen problem with suppliers is change control management, sometimes there is delayed notice of changes on the suppliers side. 

    Best regards

    May



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    May Meng, PhD, RAC
    Senior Consultant
    Oxford
    United Kingdom
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  • 5.  RE: Risk Management

    This message was posted by a user wishing to remain anonymous
    Posted 27-Feb-2023 08:25
    This message was posted by a user wishing to remain anonymous

    We usually think of business risks and product/patient safety risks as different kinds of things, with different risk management processes. It's challenging when they intersect, for example when supply chain disruptions force design changes.




  • 6.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 28-Feb-2023 00:41

    Business Risks and Product Safety Risks are two entirely different things, managed by two separate and distinct systems.  ISO 14971 Clause 1-Scope (typically not read by users of the standard, but very important) states, "This document does not apply to: [2nd dash] business risk management".  The proper document for business risks is ISO 31000, but don't try to develop a system which mingles the two different processes.  Product Safety should always be the first consideration.  Think of it as if you would be the first patient to use the device you developed, would you be willing to accept the risk?

    Don't confuse the two.  A company in France caused the creation of the new MDR regulation by determining that the cost of medical grade silicone in breast implants was too high, so they substituted industrial grade silicone.  The resulting harm to patients was one of the big reasons for the MDR and the denial of the use of business cost to accept risk.  Don't use cost to overrule safety.  The use of Benefit-Risk Analysis is now mandated in the MDR and the ISO 14971 standard to make product risk acceptability decisions.



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    Edwin Bills MEd, BSc, ASQ Fellow, CQE, CQA, CMQ/OE, RAC
    Principal Consultant
    Overland Park KS
    United States
    elb@edwinbillsconsultant.com
    ------------------------------



  • 7.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 07-Mar-2023 09:51

    Edwin,

    I agree they are very different. But... 

    My experience, unfortunately, has been that cost will override quality/risk.  Executives seem to enjoy the old-school game of Risk.  I don't know how to change that mindset. 



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    Zillery Fortner
    Product Advisor QA/RA Life Science
    Florence KY
    United States
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  • 8.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 07-Mar-2023 10:19

    I understand what you are saying, I have too often seen the same thing. It might take a huge product liability settlement or a major FDA action to get their attention. FDA is all about safety and performance of products, and safety really grabs their attention. One of the national medical device experts is based in your area and if you get him for an inspection he will get management's attention. 

    With the new push to change 21 CFR 820 to refer to ISO 13485, you will see a new emphasis on risk management in the agency and investigators will be better able to cite companies on risk management issues. Additionally, investigators will be trained on ISO 14971 risk management. In the scope of 14971 it specifically says the standard is about safety risk and not business risk, which should be a separate process. The EU MDR also discounts economic risk as well, so if you sell to Europe the Notified Body will cite you on that. 



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    Edwin Bills MEd, BSc, ASQ Fellow, CQE, CQA, CMQ/OE, RAC
    Principal Consultant
    Overland Park KS
    United States
    elb@edwinbillsconsultant.com
    ------------------------------



  • 9.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 07-Mar-2023 09:47

    Hey,

    I spent many nights during the first part of COVID writing justification letters.  For larger companies, there seem to be gaps in collaboration or consistency in how things are done.  In smaller companies, it seems that everything is dumped on QA.  If I had to choose one place to apply risk it would be supplier quality. I feel strongly that supplier quality can make and break companies.  The problem is people are overwhelmed and have no clue how to start.  



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    Zillery Fortner
    Product Advisor QA/RA Life Science
    Florence KY
    United States
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  • 10.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 08-Mar-2023 09:22

    Hillary,

    My career in medical devices began in supplier quality.  I was part of the quality organization and set up supplier measurements and reporting.  Initially purchasing only received my reports and did not pay close attention except for problem suppliers. We then got a Purchasing Manager who moved me into Purchasing and then measured the Purchasing Team on Supplier Quality, and gave it weight equal to cost.  This was a result of a supplier change for a cheaper product which caused tons of problems with our products with field failures.  Yes, the cost was lower, but our reputation was damaged by product failing in the field.  It took that big lesson to get the attention that supplier quality deserved.



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    Edwin Bills MEd, BSc, ASQ Fellow, CQM/OE, CQE, CQA, RAC
    Principal Consultant
    Overland Park KS
    United States
    elb@edwinbillsconsultant.com
    ------------------------------



  • 11.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 07-Mar-2023 09:40

    May,

    Do you think in smaller companies QA should be responsible for risk (suppliers, product, etc.)?



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    Zillery Fortner
    Product Advisor QA/RA Life Science
    Florence KY
    United States
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  • 12.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 08-Mar-2023 04:29
    Hi, Zillery
    I think who should be responsible for risk management kind of depends on how roles and responsibilities are defined in the risk management process. The risk management shall be done following your risk management process, and properly document it or updated. It is one of the things auditors are interested with.

    Based on my limited experience, supplier control can be done by QA, however, product risk is more complex, and should be considered in a whole lifecycle approach, including design control,  change control, manufacture control, product release, post-market risk control. 

    I hope the above helps.

    Best regards
    May





  • 13.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 08-Mar-2023 08:19

    Everyone involved in the design, development, preclinical and clinical evaluation, manufacturing, testing, storage, and distribution of product is responsible for managing risk. If it falls on one group (e.g., Quality), the risk management process will not be robust or effective. Small companies have more to lose if they make a mistake as it pertains to product safety risk, so it's really important to get top management to buy into the concept of a joint responsibility for risk management. 

    Nathan



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    Nathan Blazei
    Head of Quality & Regulatory Affairs
    Morrisville NC
    United States
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  • 14.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 08-Mar-2023 09:07

    You missed one group, Nathan, the one with the ultimate responsibility. ISO 14971:2019 places responsibility for resources and competent personnel as well as a policy for establishing risk acceptability with management  

    Additionally, top management "shall review the suitability of the risk management process at planned intervals". Thus an audit of the quality system described would result in findings against top management in the situation Zillery is describing.  



    ------------------------------
    Edwin Bills MEd, BSc, ASQ Fellow, CMQ/OE, CQE, CQA, RAC
    Principal Consultant
    Overland Park KS
    United States
    elb@edwinbillsconsultant.com
    ------------------------------



  • 15.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 08-Mar-2023 09:51

    No disagreement here with what you stated. And just a point of clarity that my post included a note about top management buying into the joint responsibility for risk management (i.e., they need to establish the policy and responsibilities and then enforce it throughout the lifecycle). Companies should not make the incorrect assumption that it is all on Quality's shoulders. Quality is important in this process, but not the sole party.



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    Nathan Blazei
    Head of Quality & Regulatory Affairs
    Morrisville NC
    United States
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  • 16.  RE: Risk Management

    Posted 08-Mar-2023 13:20

    Hi, Nathan

    I agree with you that risk management is never a standalone process and it is also not a one-man's job. The best practice would be integrate the risk management with the quality management system. ISO13485 and ISO14971 are highly recommended to medical device companies, and maybe assess whether ISO27001 is necessary if the company is a SaMD manufacturer or software service company. There might be other relevant requirements, which is hard to cover everything in this discussion thread. 

    Best regards

    May



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    May Meng, PhD, RAC
    Senior Consultant
    Oxford
    United Kingdom
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